Realism Vs Liberalism
Russia's Invasion of Ukraine brought the discussion of Liberalism vs realism in international relations
Liberals call to war as an attack by "authoritarian Russia" on "democratic Ukraine"
Realists argue that war was the culmination of post-cold world war games in Europe
In this context let's discuss both theories
Let's discuss which theories believe in what and how those theories relate to the present scenario
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Liberalism
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Realism
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There are three different theoretical Approaches
1. Economic Independence
2. Democratic Peace
3. International institutions
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There are three mainstream realist theories as well
1. Human Nature Realism
2. Defensive realism
3. Offensive Realism
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The proponents of economic interdependence argue that liberal economic order is essential for a stable international order
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Human Nature realism is based on the argument that humans' lust for power can have a profound impact on the nature of states as states led by humans
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Democratic Peace theories claim that Country with democracy does not go war with other.
To achieve that we need to have more Democracies in the world
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Defensive realists do not believe in the states are inherently aggressive, they believe that the fundamental aim of any state is survival
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Leaugue of Nations was formed after World war I . League collapsed during the Second world war has started. but in the post-war world, we rebuilt our Institutions starting with United Nations.
So ideal world that Liberals want is where democratic states are connected through economic globalisation and function in a system managed by International Organistations
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Offensive realism arguments on structural factors than Human Behaviour.
great power seeks more power at the expense of rivals-offensive Realism
Great powers seek to maintain the existing balance of power- defensive realism
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