Mains Practice Question
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Topic
Navigation with Indian Constellation (NavIC) is a regional navigation satellite developed by the Indian Space Research and Organisation (ISRO) to meet the nation’s positioning, navigation and timing requirements
Body:
You may incorporate some of the following points in the body of your answer:
NavIC is important to India for a number of reasons. First, it provides a secure and reliable alternative to other global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) such as GPS. Second, it can be used to improve the accuracy of positioning and navigation for a variety of applications, including transportation, agriculture, and disaster management. Third, it can be used to improve the timing accuracy of critical infrastructure, such as power grids and telecommunications networks
NavIC is a major technological achievement for India and will play an important role in the country's economic and social development. It is also a significant step towards India's goal of becoming a self-reliant nation in the field of space technology.
Here are some of the benefits of NavIC:
- Improved accuracy: NavIC provides more accurate positioning and navigation than other GNSS systems, especially in areas with poor signal reception, such as forests, mountains, and urban canyons.
- Increased reliability: NavIC is less vulnerable to jamming and spoofing than other GNSS systems, making it more reliable for critical applications such as navigation for defense and emergency services.
- Reduced costs: NavIC is a regional system, which means that it requires fewer satellites than global systems like GPS. This reduces the cost of developing and operating the system.
NavIC is still under development, but it has already been used in a number of applications, including:
- Transport: NavIC is being used to improve the accuracy of train and bus tracking, as well as to develop self-driving vehicles.
- Agriculture: NavIC is being used to improve crop management, irrigation, and soil nutrient application.
- Disaster management: NavIC is being used to improve the accuracy of disaster response, such as locating survivors and coordinating relief efforts.
Why it is important for India?
India is the only country that has a regional satellite-based navigation system. There are four global satellite-based navigation systems: the American GPS, the Russian GLONASS (GLObalnaya NAvigatsionnaya Sputnikovaya Sistema), the European Galileo, and the Chinese Beidou.
NavIC open signals will be accurate up to 5 metres and restricted signals will be even more accurate. GPS signals, by contrast, are accurate up to around 20 metres.
NavIC provides coverage over the Indian landmass and up to a radius of 1,500 km around it. In this region, NavIC signals will likely be available in even hard-to-reach areas. Unlike GPS, NavIC uses satellites in a high geostationary orbit — the satellites move at a constant speed relative to Earth, so they are always looking over the same region on Earth.
NavIC signals come to India at a 90-degree angle, making it easier for them to reach devices located even in congested areas, dense forests, or mountains.
Conclusion
Your concluding remark should be short and should encapsulate both parts of the answer or you may gain some impressive marks by the examiner on going beyond and giving an international angle
ISRO plans to set up ground stations in Japan and France to better triangulate the entire area under NavIC coverage – the system is likely to become more accurate than GPS. The satellites placed directly over India also ensure better availability of signals in varied geographical regions compared to GPS, which India receives at an angle making it difficult to access in dense forests or valleys
